Ecofeminism: The Feminism of Ecology Essay examples -- Ecofeminism

There are many, different oppressions throughout human society that are intricately woven together and interconnected. Many of these oppressions are formed within a patriarchal, Christian theology and involve the body the body of Earth, the bodies of women, the body of animals. Sallie McFague sets up a model of bodies to help break these connected oppressions. McFagues work emphasizes that the body and its oppressions are what connects Christian theology, feminism, and ecology. Her model focuses on the metaphorical topic that the body of the hide is the body of God (McFague, 1993). To better understand this model, we must first examine how bodies have been viewed and affected within the Christian religion framework of our western horticulture. Christianity has a long tradition of focusing on embodiment. Its basic practices and ideas of incarnation, Christology, the Resurrection, and the Eucharist, even the metaphor of the church being the body of Christ, all involve embodiment in more or less way (McFague, 1993). Yet, with these embodiment characteristics of Christianity, this religion still devalues nature and womens bodies. It has set up a patriarchal framework for western culture of devaluing the body, and women. Western culture and religion have a long, painful history of demeaning the female by identifying her with the body and with nature, while elevating the male by identifying him with reason and spirit (McFague, 1993). This idea reinforces stereotypes that oppress women and separates the body from the mind and soul. Until we reconcile this disconnect of the body and mind, we cannot fully love all bodies this leads to the inability to love the body of the earth (McFague, 1993). Without this love, we cannot fully apprise ... ...hange and Global Warming Introduction. Global Issues. Retrieved from http//www.globalissues.org/article/233/climate-change-and-global-warming-introduction.United Nations Population Funds (2009, November 18). Facing a Changin g World Women, Population, and Climate. State of the Worlds Population, UNFPA. Retrieved from http//www.unfpa.org/webdav/ site/global/shared/swp/englishswop09.pdf.Warren, K. J. (1995). The Power and the Promise of Ecological Feminism. In M. H. MacKinnon & M. McIntyre (Eds.), Readings in Ecology and Feminist Theology (172-195). Kansas City Sheed and Ward.Winerman, L. (2005). The Minds Mirror. Monitor on Psychology, 36. Retrieved from http//www.apa.org/monitor/oct05/mirror.aspx.Young, H. (2013). Why We Wont Stop Global Warming. Aljazeera. Retrieved from http//www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/01/201312094040359963.html.

What Caused The Downfall of Sparta? :: Ancient Greece Greek History

What Caused The Downfall of Sparta?Hypothesis Sparta collapsed because they did not allow the helots to fight in fightThe Beginning of Sparta In roughly 100 BCE, the Dorians invaded Greece from the North. During the Dark Ages, the Dorians make their way south, capturing the inhabitants of the lands they passed through as helots. At the beginning of the Dark Ages, it is thought that there were some Dorian settlements in Laconia, each with their own helot population. At some time during the Dark Ages, Sparta overtook these fellow Dorian settlements and their helot populations, as well as control of the whole of Laconia. The life-threatenings kept the helots as a huge, bullnecked slave race and, although they did not enslave their fellow Dorians, the other Dorians were made perioci, meaning those who inhabit round or so. The perioci were needed to be the craftsmen, considersmen and manufacturers for the Spartans, who were trained as full time soldiers.At the end of the Dark Ages , there was nothing exceptional about Sparta (except her control of the helot population) but from about the middle of the sixth Century BCE, Sparta gradually turned away from the rest of Greece. They no longer welcomed visitors, cut their trade ties, stopped building ships and when the rest of Greece began using coins instead of compact spits, Sparta continued to use the spits. Sparta still had poetry and music, but instead of listening to new poems and songs, they conditioned only the compositions of the past, and new poets and musicians were not welcomed. Sparta still produced pottery and coat work for every-day use, but it was of poorer quality than the work of other cities. Spartans no longer participated in athletic festivals in other parts of Greece and the whole city became skinny and withdrawn, refusing to communicate with the rest of Greece.Education The Spartans were raised and educated to be perfectly obedient and pursue the state without question. Spartan education had no interest with literature, bright or academic activities and did Spartans were not taught subjects like mathematics, science or geography. Even as babies, Spartiates were treat harshly - they were made to eat whatever food they were given, unexpended alone, left alone in the dark, and it is probable that no attention was paid to babies when they cried.A Spartan Boys education as a soldier began when the boy was about 7 or 8 years old.What Caused The Downfall of Sparta? Ancient Greece Greek HistoryWhat Caused The Downfall of Sparta?Hypothesis Sparta collapsed because they did not allow the helots to fight in battleThe Beginning of Sparta In about 100 BCE, the Dorians invaded Greece from the North. During the Dark Ages, the Dorians made their way south, capturing the inhabitants of the lands they passed through as helots. At the beginning of the Dark Ages, it is thought that there were many Dorian settlements in Laconia, each with their own helot population. At some time d uring the Dark Ages, Sparta overtook these fellow Dorian settlements and their helot populations, as well as control of the whole of Laconia. The Spartans kept the helots as a huge, strong slave race and, although they did not enslave their fellow Dorians, the other Dorians were made perioci, meaning those who live round about. The perioci were needed to be the craftsmen, tradesmen and manufacturers for the Spartans, who were trained as full time soldiers.At the end of the Dark Ages, there was nothing exceptional about Sparta (except her control of the helot population) but from about the middle of the 6th Century BCE, Sparta gradually turned away from the rest of Greece. They no longer welcomed visitors, cut their trade ties, stopped building ships and when the rest of Greece began using coins instead of iron spits, Sparta continued to use the spits. Sparta still had poetry and music, but instead of listening to new poems and songs, they learned only the compositions of the past, a nd new poets and musicians were not welcomed. Sparta still produced pottery and metal work for every-day use, but it was of poorer quality than the work of other cities. Spartans no longer participated in athletic festivals in other parts of Greece and the whole city became secretive and withdrawn, refusing to communicate with the rest of Greece.Education The Spartans were raised and educated to be perfectly obedient and obey the state without question. Spartan education had no interest with literature, intellectual or academic activities and did Spartans were not taught subjects like mathematics, science or geography. Even as babies, Spartiates were treated harshly - they were made to eat whatever food they were given, left alone, left alone in the dark, and it is probable that no attention was paid to babies when they cried.A Spartan Boys education as a soldier began when the boy was about 7 or 8 years old.

Saving Black Mesa :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers

Saving Black MesaWorks Cited Missing To the northeast part of Arizona lay a conflict between 2 indigenous groups from the surrounding area and the worlds largest coal company formerly know as Peabody Coal (now Peabody Energy). The Hopi and Navajo reservations surround a region known as Black Mesa. Black Mesa is located on both the Navajo and Hopi military reserves which is a target source for underground water called the N-aquifer. The N-aquifer contains a great come of pristine Ice Age water. As time drew on, many indigenous people were alarmed that the water was carelessly being depleted from their land. mine on Black Mesa should be stopped because the inhabitants are affected by Peabody, livestock in the area must depend on the local springs, groundwater is being depleted at an average of 3.3 million gallons per day, and the water is being contaminated (SBMW Online par 1). In the beginning, the Black Mesa region expanded from the Hopi Reservation in to Navajo borders. On the borderline between the Navajo and Hopi two were at constant disagreements over the claim of territory. Based on three Arizonan judges, the land was to be proclaim as Joint Use Area which lasted 15 years from 1962 to 1977, between the two tribes. Still not content the two groups had bitter political feelings towards oneness another. In 1977 the land was divided by giving the Hopi tribe 900,000 acres, accounting for most of the land. Both tribes shared the mineral deposits and as little land as the Navajo tribe had acquired from the settlement, Hopi land in all is an island reservation surrounded by the Navajo Nation. Although having the Hopi at a major disadvantage, many of the Navajo people that lived all their lives in the typify Hopi reservation had moved out (LUHNACP Online par 8). Although many people would insist that the Navajo and Hopi people had agreed to let Peabody mine their land, the problem is a little more(prenominal) compl icated than what seems obvious. In 1966 a lawyer for the Hopi tribe by the name of John Boyden convinced several members of the Navajo tribe to start a council.

World Depression :: essays research papers

World Great DepressionMacro EconomicsThe mental picture that plagued the United States in the 1930s was distinctive in its enormity and its consequences. Europe and different countries suffered in the depression due to three main areas of discussion. The effects of share contributed to depression throughout Europe and America. United States and other countries unemployment soared. With the ravages of world war adept many countries where in debt in post war world ane or became in debt due to reparations. It has been said that the Great Depression began in 1929 by and by a cataclysmic fizzle of the New York Stock Exchange. It began in the United States but quickly spread across the world causing an economic slump. During the collapse of the world the German case is perfect example of what happen virtually everywhere in the 1930s. The international economy broke up into trading blocks unyielding by political allegiances and currencies. Britains economy suffered with the loss of the over seas market and the countrys choice to not to devalue the pound. When face with falling exports honorarium governments began overreacting and began severely reducing trade. Nearly all countries needed to protect their domestic production and began imposing tariffs. By doing this it greatly reduced the amount of international trade and furthered them into debt. The high tariffs hindered the payments of war debts, which were only paid off by loans from the United States and Britain for war reparations. The destabilization of the European economy came through the international debt structure that appeared aft(prenominal) World War one. (http//www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/depression/about.htm), (http//www.kwaves.com/kond_analysis.htm) (http//mars.acnet.wnec.edu/gremel/Courses/wc2/lecturMany countries that where allies with the United States during the war owed large amounts of money to American banks. The amount of money was so immense that it is one reason that the Allies insi sted at Treaty of Versailles that repartitions be paid which they thought would be able to pay off their debts. After America fell into the depression they recalled their loans making many German banks to close their doors and the whole system to collapse. Not being able to pay off their reparations to the Allies due to Germany and Austria being in the debt themselves. Along with Germany the United States started to remove money from Europe, leading to the selling for European monies and collapse of European banks. (http//www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/depression/about.htm), (http//www.kwaves.com/kond_analysis.htm)As the countries loss money and began to fall into debt the unemployment began to rise.

Is Caffeine Addictive? Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Is Caffeine Addictive?As exams approach, students everywhere reach for their coffee mugs, their Vivarine and No-Doz. Legions of wide-eyed and shaky teen people stay up late into the night, printing out final papers and cramming a year worth of information into their everyplace-burned minds. Falling asleep over books is not acceptable at this time of year. But this is not a new thing many students have a late-night lifestyle supported by caffeine, getting an average of 5 hours of sleep a night. These young people are a part of the nearly 80% of Americans who depend on caffeine (1). They use it to stay awake when their bodies tell them they need to sleep. Many people use it simply to feel more awake or simply because they similar the taste of coffee, sodas or teas which contain the medicine. For those who love coffee, the taste is often cited as the reason for the addiction and the use of that word does not imply anything like a drug addiction. However, try to take away someones co ffee abruptly and chances are they will experience withdrawal symptoms (2). The body develops a dependence on caffeine which is very obvious stop drinking coffee for a day after being a regular drinker and get a headache, past drink coffee and it goes away. Some call this an addiction, coining terms such as caffeinisme and caffeine withdrawal syndrome (4), and classify caffeine as a mind-altering drug (3) (5) (6) (7). Many others protect caffeine, saying it does not compare to a true drug addiction and some even claim it has benefits-that it not only increases sharp-sightedness further has other healthful properties (2) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13). It is very difficult to find an objective article on the effects of caffeine, for while the information is often c... ...xhaustion. There is gigantic need for more research regarding the properties of caffeine. There is too much contradictory information and studies are not conclusive. A huge number of people some the world consume abundant caffeine to be diagnosed as dependent who have not been reassured that it is safe. Nor have they been given a good enough reason to stop their consumption or cut down to safer levels of caffeine intake. It would take a lot of negative findings to dissuade people from using the drug, but a better understanding on all properties could also find more uses for caffeine and could reassure those who are doubtful of the safety of caffeine consumption. lucre Sourceshttp//www.usa-gymnastics.org/publications/usa-gymnastics/1996/4/body-balance.htmlhttp//www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=800http//www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=2046

Is Caffeine Addictive? Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Is Caffeine Addictive?As exams approach, students everywhere reach for their coffee tree mugs, their Vivarine and No-Doz. Legions of wide-eyed and shaky young people stay up late into the night, printing out final papers and cramming a year worth of entropy into their over-burned minds. Falling asleep over books is not acceptable at this time of year. But this is not a new thing many students have a late-night lifestyle supported by caffeine, getting an average of 5 hours of sleep a night. These young people are a part of the nearly 80% of Americans who depend on caffeine (1). They use it to stay circumspect when their bodies tell them they need to sleep. Many people use it simply to feel more awake or simply because they like the taste of coffee, sodas or teas which contain the drug. For those who love coffee, the taste is often cited as the reason for the addiction and the use of that word does not imply anything like a drug addiction. However, try to take away someones coffee a bruptly and chances are they will experience withdrawal symptoms (2). The body develops a dependence on caffeine which is very obvious stop drinking coffee for a day after being a regular juicer and get a headache, then drink coffee and it goes away. Some call this an addiction, coining terms such as caffeinisme and caffeine withdrawal syndrome (4), and classify caffeine as a mind-altering drug (3) (5) (6) (7). Many others protect caffeine, saying it does not compare to a true drug addiction and some even necessitate it has benefits-that it not only increases alertness but has other healthful properties (2) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13). It is very difficult to find an objective article on the effects of caffeine, for while the learning is often c... ...xhaustion. There is great need for more research regarding the properties of caffeine. There is too much contradictory information and studies are not conclusive. A broad number of people around the world consume enough caffeine t o be diagnosed as dependent who have not been reassured that it is safe. Nor have they been abandoned a good enough reason to stop their consumption or cut down to safer levels of caffeine intake. It would take a lot of negative findings to advise people from using the drug, but a better understanding on all properties could also find more uses for caffeine and could reassure those who are dubious of the safety of caffeine consumption. Internet Sourceshttp//www.usa-gymnastics.org/publications/usa-gymnastics/1996/4/body-balance.htmlhttp//www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=800http//www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=2046

Italian Neorealism

In the period between 1943 and 1950 Italian cinema was dominated by Neorealism which became the most significant ask style of post-war Europe. Formation began can in 1936 when propagandists opened juvenile Cincitta studios and the ask school name Centro Sperimentaledi Cinematografia. Along with the opening of schools such as this was a movement that placed a separate of cinematographers under full-year contracts, among them was Carlo Montuori who used his classic techniques in creating Bicycle Thieves (1948) one of the most well known films produced during the Neo-Realism movement.Perhaps also one of the most influential directors was Roberto Rossellini who enjoin Rome Open City at the end of WWII. Many directors and influential films such as this began to change and shape the way Italian films were made and what their semblance to society was like. The neorealist style was developed by a circle of film critics that revolved around the magazine Cinema, despite a severe lack of pecuniary resource and equipment the Neorealist film makers sought to reveal truth of the everyday life.Filming outdoors in natural light and starring nonprofessional actors, it was a return to the Lumiere value orientation of framed reality. NeoRealism became a style of film which was characterised by stories that were set amongst the poor and working class plenty. Realism would always be emphasized, and per gradationances were mostly constructed from scenes of ordinary raft performing fairly uninteresting and everyday tasks, completely derived of the self-consciousness that a trained actor would usually produce.The films would generally feature children as the study utilisation but they were usually more observational rather than engaging. The film makers were heavily influenced by French poetic realism which was a stylised and studio curb movement that recreated the realism of society. Elements of neorealism can be found in the films of Alessandro Blasetti and the documen tary-style films of Francesco De Robertis whose films Toni (Renoir in 1935) and 1860 (Blasetti in 1934) were two of the most significant precursors of the neorealism movement.There are a few aspects that make Italian Neorealist films unique they would use nonprofessional actors for there raw awkwardness and everyday habits, capturing the reality of their poverty and desperation. The film makers would shoot scenes on pickle and mostly in poor neighborhoods or the countryside, with the plot surrounding life among the impoverished and lower class. The films theme mostly handled the difficulty of the economy and struggling lesson conditions of post-WWII Italy while reflecting the changes in the Italian persona and the conditions of everyday life.What has become one of the best known Neorealist films is Roberto Rossellinis Rome Open City (1945), the film includes many of the characteristics of NeoRealism. The film contains a strong resistance towards conventional principles therefore s howing an anti-establishment and revolutionary attitude. Just weeks after the German withdrawal Rossellini shot Rome Open City, this blow out of the water and excited the film world because the film entails of the film was not expected.They had an extemporaneous, documentary quality enhanced in the early era by the materials from which they were madewar-time film stock, cobbled-together equipment, non-professional actors, and location shooting. Open City is a good example of this early period in neorealism. Rossellini helped Italian neorealism to develop as a particular form of cinematic expression during the period when Italy was ruled by authoritarians. Rossellini would rewrite the scripts according to the (nonprofessional) actors feelings and history. The regional accent of the area, dialect and costumes were shown in the film how they were in real life.Truffaut (one of the major figures of The French New Wave film movement) wrote in his 1963 essay titled Roberto Rossellini Pref ers Real Life, that Rossellinis influence in France particularly among the directors who would become part of the nouvelle vague (new undulation movement) was so substantial that he was in every sense the father of the French New Wave. The opinion that Rosselinis work had become the accounting entry to a new style of film was enforced by many of the up and coming directors of the time and his work is still appreciated in the modern film world.When the economy began to improve and the rate of unemployment decreased people found Neorealism discouraging and began to favor light hearted American films which involved positive outcomes and happier endings than what the Italian people had come to know, with this change in favor came the end of the NeoRealism Era. Nevertheless Italian NeoRealism was essential to Italys film industry at the time the war end and while Europe was recovering from the war. Its impact on modern film has been monumental, not only in Italian film but also on Fren ch New Wave cinema, and ultimately on films all over the world.

Luxury Brand Engagement Research Write Up Essay

Brand Management is a function of marketing that uses techniques to increase the perceived value of a harvest-home line or make over time. Effective orient management enables the price of products to go up and builds loyal customers through positive make associations and images or a sound aw arness of the brand. Developing a strategic plan to maintain brand equity or gain brand value requires a comprehensive misgiving of the brand, its target market and the companys overall vision. Brand engagement is a term loosely used to describe the process of forming an attachment (emotional and rational) betwixt a person and a brand.It comprises one aspect of brand management. What makes the topic complex is that brand engagement is partly created by institutions and organizations, but is equally created by the perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours of those with whom these institutions and organizations are communicating or engaging with. Brand engagement between a brand and its consumers/potential consumers is a key objective of a brand marketing effort. In general, the ways a brand connects to its consumer is via a range of touch points that is, a sequence or list of potential ways the brand makes contact with the individual.Examples include retail environments, advertising, word of mouth, online, and the product/service itself. It can be broadly classified into dickens areas- Internal and external. Internal refers to the companys employees, franchisees, etc while external refers to the end consumers. All the consumer behavioural featureors like attitudes, beliefs, society, culture and trends are studied and form an interesting part of the study unlike some other areas of interrogation. All these factors are mental yet emotional and drive consumer behaviour towards brands ultimately leading to sales and spirited gearer r sluiceues.Getting there requires convert less conscious consumers that they can have their cake and eat it too (drive positi ve change and indulge their needs), and teaching them to choice-edit for the most bear(prenominal), planetary and societal furbish up. client involvement starts from the personal basic perspectives of goals, values, and self-awareness. Depending on the relevance of these to individuals, they are reflected in decision-making behaviours. Different product attributes cause different degrees of involvement in consumer minds. These differences of involvement return in differences when consumers make purchase decisions.Therefore, when consumers perform consuming behaviours, the extent of their involvement affects purchase intention and this is only reflected when a deeper understanding of their psychological and emotional factors is attained. It relates at an emotional level and chequers long term sustainability, revenue and growth for the brand. One of the most significant sectors where brand management plays an even more all important(p) post is Luxury. Luxury as a concept is def ined within the scope of socio-psychology as a result of its connection to a culture, state of being and briostyle, whether it is personal or collective.When linked to brands, it is characterised by a recognisable style, strong identity, high awareness, and enhanced emotional and symbolic associations. It evokes uniqueness and exclusivity, and is interpreted in products through high quality, controlled distribution and premium pricing. These core factors have led to the development of a $180 billion global industry with an uninterrupted growth for over two decennarys. These elements have also led to the summarisation of luxury as a dream, leading to justifiable curiosity and interest. Luxury good manufacturers offer high quality products at higher prices.At times, the quality of the actual product may not actually be very different from the low approach one, however, the brand value attached to it is high. It is for this reason that the branded product still sells at a higher pr ice. The customer, though buys the product, actually pays for the brand. He pays for the emotional/ psychological/ physiological need that he has been able to satiate through this purchase. Also, it is worth noting that building a luxury brand can be a very tough task. It has to have the right value of consumer behavioural/ attitudinal compatibility mix for it to achieve its purpose owing to the high costs.Brand Managers for luxury products cannot over advertise their product (devalues the image) and not under advertise their product (loss in enquiries/ revenue). This interesting amalgamation of business drivers and human behaviour forms a motivating and challenging topic for research studies. Brand value measures the economic asset value of a company or product brand. It details how much of the companys operating income and bare cash flow is derived from the brand, the influence of the brand within each consumer purchase decision driver, and the associated brand risks.By linking t he brand to the economics of the business at a detailed level, brand value opens the door to a number of useful applications like proving that branding offers real value, justify a proposed marketing budget, align the commercialized organization, evaluate acquisition opportunities, optimal royalty rate, optimize the brand relationship to best tell the brand story, focus investments, drive higher prices, leverage brand value to lower taxes, reduce turnover and quantify the damage.It is very intriguing when we look at the financial output of the brands, grouping the companies into two categories of highly and least(prenominal) engaged in brand engagement. The companies who were highly engaged grew on an average of 18% in revenues over the last 12 months, compared to the least engaged companies who on average saw a decline of 6% in revenue during the same period. The same holds true for two other financial metrics, gross allowance account and net profit.Interbrand was recently invol ved in brand valuation with respect to business and the approach used is as followsSnapshots of couple of models or indexed used has by different organizations to measure brand engagement has given under the research design section. Consumer buying behavior has changed a tremendously over the last decade and below is the Worldwide Personal Luxury Goods Market Trend (this has been discussed in detail in the industry literature review at the end) to illustrate the factThird year in a row of double-digit growth for the personal luxury goods market over the 200B thresholdThere are various challenges that brands face over the course of their engagement tactics. The brands core thought or value should be in sync with the target audience. If its not, then there is no engagement at an emotional level. For a consumer to be engaged with the brand, he has to continuously be bombarded with the brands advertising or communication through various mediums. This process is very costly to the organi sation as it involves various media channels and every channel (print, digital, TV, etc) has its own rate structure.The competition in every industry has further caused problems for any brand to create its importance. The consumer mind space is cluttered with messages from different brands making it even more difficult for a particular brand to register itself. Even if a consumer gets engaged, theres no specific tool to measure the impact of the engagement on the final sales/ profits of the brand. The huge costs therefore become difficult to justify. Competition is fierce in developed economies and consumers are bombarded with offers, many of which are very similar.In such a setting, differentiation is vital and academic research has revealed that brands can build sustainable competitive reward by increasing customer loyalty and fostering personal recommendation. However, to achieve such a sustainable competitive advantage, brands need to go beyond their conventional focus on comm unication and advertising and become the key to integrated client experience management. In such a scenario, it becomes even more important to build a brand that is strong in its values.It involves designing campaigns to generate intention to purchase and top of the mind awareness, various metrics to measure the effectivity of brand campaigns, retuning parameters, redesigning the campaign and measuring the metrics again till the time the campaign reaches its desired GRPs (gross rating points). A very interesting real life example of how a brand faces a situation when its present engagement measures dont work and it has to continuously make new efforts to ensure engagement with consumers is illustrated in a research paper titled Luxury Brand Exclusivity Strategies which can be visited through this link URL http//dx. oi. org/10. 5430/jbar. v1n1p106. It examines how luxury mode brands reform themselves in order to balance the exclusivity that is associated with luxury goods and with profit maximization. Using consumers demand theory it is shown how luxury fashion brands go through different phases to renew the perception of exclusivity.

The Issues Of Investing In Wind Power Environmental Sciences Essay

Buying and put ining a little line of business up-to-date motive generator for your focalize is a under victorious that requires authoritative investing. Small confidential information generators can be you any key from $ 2000-6000 per kilowatt. As much(prenominal), even the smallest zephyr real turbine i.e. a 5kV generator can be you ab come to the fore $ 10,000. As such, it is intrinsic that you consider a few issues before you invest a majority of m unrivalledy in a little tune live designer generator to cut down your future public-service corporation salutesRegional booster cable SpeedThis is unrivalled factor that most state miss out on when sop up up ones headwaying to purchase a little demeanor travel oc authentic advocator generator, and it is due to this that most people complain about station current superpower generators. Get to cognize the mean bearing current amphetamine in your country before purchasing a send current turbine. Subsequently, when you go to buy a stemma current turbine, expression at the sum of air current fastness it requires for declared power coevals. Most people deny this and frequently stop up kicking about non acquiring what they want. Remember, little air current generators require ample wind velocity and as such you should look up the air current velocity statistics and choose the appropriate air current power generator.On or Off-GridFirst of wholly, you should make up ones mind whether you lead be linking your little air current power generator to the power football field or non. If you decide to maintain it off-grid, you will be fartherther required to buy batteries and an inverter to hive a appearance the extra pushing and utilize it subsequently onwards. If you decide to link your generator to the grid, it wo nt be you more and you will be able to sell the extra energy generated to the local public-service corporation company. By and large, linking the generator to the power grid is p referred as it consequences in larger decrease in public-service corporation measures.Actual CapacityThe declared capacity is ever mentioned sing the turbine invariably receives the ideal air current velocity and as such it is frequently extremely overstated. You should recognize that little air current generators do non work at their existent rated capacity alternatively, they merely declare 10-40 % of their stated capacity on a day-to-day norm. For case, a 1kW turbine will non establish forth 24kW in 24 hours, but alternatively it will bring forth 10-40 % of 24kW i.e. 2.4-9.6kW on a day-to-day footing. It is of minute you realize this and maintain this in head while buying little air current generators. body politic & A Placement of Wind TurbineBy and large, it is said that a air current turbine should be placed at a tallness of 80ft for ideal air current velocity. However, on that point are a few issues when puting a air current turbine at such a tallness. Chiefly, if you are traveling to put a air current turbine at such a tallness you will be required to construct a tower of the same tallness on which the air current turbine will be placed. Furthermore, the tower will necessitate to be sturdy so that it is non destroyed in instance of high velocity air currents. Many legal powers do non let anything to be built in a residential country over the tallness of 35ft. In such instances, you will necessitate to get a edifice license from the local council or the several lodging authorization. If you are acute on puting your little air current power generator elsewhere, you will be required to supervise from which way and at which tallness of your house do you have ideal air current velocities. Remember that a air current turbine is dearly-won and if you can non put it in countries of straightforward air current velocity, it is a waste of money.At every point in make up ones minding to buy a air current power generator, you should maintain in head that li ttle air current generators country a brawny investing. You should purchase one that is ideal for you or else all your invested clip and money will travel to waste.Article 2 Why Home Wind billet Is Good?Environmentally FriendlyIn the face of issues such as planetary heating and depletion of non-renewable natural resources, one of today s major issues is utilizing environmentally friendly merchandises. One of the most obvious advantages of utilizing place air current power is, hence, doing usage of renewable beginning of energy ( air current ) to bring forth energy. This in bend frees the non-renewable resources such as coal and oil for separate utilizations. Windmills or weave turbines minimise the harm done to environment compared to utilize of coal and oil for the same which release toxic exhausts that have led to ozone depletion. live SalvagingFurthermore, the cost of operation of place air current power is drastically low compared to other beginnings. Although the initial c apital cost possibly high, consecutive cost of operation remains highly low. Hence, the option is cost-efficient and has the potency for tremendous nest eggs for today s cash-starved clients. In some states, the authoritiess have besides initiated gross enhancement freedoms for families that bring home the bacon on place air current power. In some provinces the cost of the equipment is written off against the person s income that consequences in lower nonexempt income and hence, income revenue enhancement. Other provinces may let revenue enhancement interruptions for families utilizing place air current power as good. Customers besides benefit from lower electricity measures. perpetually PoweredPossibly, a noteworthy advantage of utilizing place air current power is that this system is dependable and families do nt hold to endure from deficiency of electricity due to power outages. Hence, in states with terrible power crises and burden casting issues, this system of place air c urrent power ensures power even when there are blackouts. Furthermore, clients no longer necessitate to trust on grid Stationss for supply of electricity they pop off self-sufficing with domestic air current power turbines and windmills. Besides, the operation is highly straightforward and hassle free and does non necessitate complicated processs of installing. Home wind turbines are one manner of bring forthing air current power and they authentically cut down C emanations. It, hence, leads to a greener environment. By hive awaying fresh air current energy, wastage of the renewable resource is reduced.Good investment fundsWind power equipment is treated as an investing. Its alivenessspan extends by more than twenty old ages. The usage of air current power non merely helps families lay aside money but besides helps them do money. On high air current yearss families are able to sell power to grid Stationss and they susceptibility engage paid for it by electric companies where the province allows. It is highly good for places located near the national grid. Families can hive away extra air current on a blowy twenty-four hours and so sell it subsequently to the national grid. Although air current turbines are normally tall vertically, they take up really small measureless(prenominal) vertically and are, hence, convenient to topographic point in little houses. They besides free up the staying land or infinite for other utilizations. Furthermore, by geting the air current power installation the resale value of residential places increases because the equipment is regarded as a place betterment and has reasonably low wish well costs. It is treated as a back-up beginning of energy as good hence, purchasers end up paying more for houses with this installation.Article 3 Wind Power VS SolarSome parts of the equipment used in solar panels are frequently obtained by activities such as strip excavation and through significant harm to the environment which is no n the instance with residential power generators. Residential air current power generators have a batch of traveling parts, whereas solar panels do non. Therefore, the operation of residential air current power generators is noisy compared to that of solar panels which is soundless. Residential air current power generators have lesser dependability and a shorter battery life ( from 10-20 ) old ages compared to solar power equipment that has a life of about 25 old ages. Furthermore, air current power equipment requires greater supervise compared to solar power. It besides requires more expensive care compared to solar power. Besides, residential air current power generators are more conspicuous compared to solar panels that become less obvious when installed on rooftops. Installation with solar power is besides faster compared to that of air current power and less overseas telegram is required. The actor is besides less affected by harm by buoy uping and is besides less antipatheti c to damage by high velocity air currents. Besides, in some states authoritiess are antipathetic to the thought of installing of residential air current power generators and permission is hard to obtain compared to that for solar power. Besides, the air current turbines and generators are risky to winging animals such as birds that get trapped into the fan and lose their life. Residential power generators can botch the attraction of a house by going excessively outstanding in the landscape. As a consequence the value of existent estate may travel down. Wind power equipment requires more infinite compared to that for solar power which can easy be built onto rooftops.Professionals of Wind PowerOne of the most obvious advantages of utilizing wind power is that they can utilize wind twenty-four hours or dark or 24 hours every bit long as air current is blowing, whereas, in the instance of solar power, energy can be obtained merely during daylight hours. Besides, the installing of resid ential air current power generators is frequently less expensive than that of solar power panels and the point of intersectionion of solar panels consumes greater resources. Furthermore, air current power frequently produces greater sum of energy compared to solar power which is suited for low-energy ingestion contraptions such as bear downing batteries etc.Cons of Wind PowerEnd product from air current power is non as predictable and consistent as that from solar power, harmonizing to research by NASA. In countries where the mean air current velocity is less than 5 metre per second, solar power provides greater value for money compared to weave power. Its credibleness is farther weakened by issues such as dependence on velocity, strength and way of air current. The operation of air current power equipment is noisy and harmonizing to one research can bring forth the same noise as a auto traveling at the velocity of 70 miles per hour. The production of air current power equipment be sides consequences in pollution hence, their usage is non free from pollution. Besides, one piece of air current power equipment has really small capacity compared to a solar panel and the largest capacity extends to merely 475 people. If this signifier of energy were to be used extensively in future, a batch of such equipment would necessitate to be manufactured.Article 4 Is Wind Power Apt for YouSeveral factors ingest to borne in head before make up ones minding to utilize wind power.Geographic ConsiderationsIt is necessary to do certain there are nt any personal barriers or breaks in the signifier of skyscrapers, edifices, trees or hills near the place. Locations that are exposed are frequently the best for air current generators for place usage as they are non disrupted by any turbulency.Besides, it is necessary that the place is located in a blowy country. If the air current velocity is less than 5 meter/ second, the air current generators for place usage fail to work decent ly and do non bring forth coveted energy degrees. Besides at velocity less than 5 metres per second, air current generators for place usage become less cost effectual than solar panels. Furthermore, a really of import factor is whether the place is east unfastened or west unfastened. Wind generators for place usage mostly depend on the way of air current. If air current is in the opposite way so opportunities are high that the equipment wo nt work. The strength of air current is merely every bit of import as the velocity of air current. By and large, the higher the strength the better the public presentation of the air current generator for place usage nevertheless, if the strength is excessively much ( as in the instance of gales ) the equipment can be destroyed.Furthermore, air current power is of great benefit to the client if the place is located far off from the national grid. The public-service corporation of air current generators for place usage is maximized to those whose places are remotely located and are barren of electricity supply.Legal & A Aesthetic ConsiderationsLegally, it is necessary to happen out whether there is demand for be aftering permission for installing of air current generators for place usage in the funny vicinity where the place is. Often little graduated table usage of air current power requires some kind of be aftering permission and authoritiess may be susceptible to the thought of air current turbines and generators as they are presumed to destruct the aesthetic attraction of a vicinity. Furthermore, if the occupants of the place intend to resell the place in close hereafter, they possibly averse to the thought of air current generators for place usage as they destroy the beauty and attraction of the house and might ensue in lower resale value.Other ConsiderationsFurthermore, the size of the place is really of import. Wind power equipment by and large requires big infinite, particularly 1s with big energy capacity. Besides it is of import to put precedences, that is, does the place need a changeless power supply or can it make without one. One of the major cubic yard for utilizing wind power is to minimise losingss originating from burden casting or blackouts. Wind power is besides used for exigency intents hence, it is indispensable to make up ones mind whether the house needs energy in times of power cuts. It is besides indispensable to find the income degree of the family. If the income degrees are high opportunities are that the usage of air current power may non look really convincing as the family possibly able to boom on the usage of coal or atom smasher powered generators and manage to pay immense electricity measures.Article 5 Cost of Wind PowerCapital CostssThese include the cost of turbines, blades and any other constituent that is built on the top of the towers. A broad assortment of makers are uncommitted. Vestas, GE, Mitsubishi are some of them. The cost of air current power varies with makers. Furthermore, the cost depends on whether the stuff is imported or local. Costss related to interconnection such as substations are besides included. These are needed to let the air current farm to acquire entree to transmittal lines. Furthermore a connexion to the grid station possibly required if the client wishes to provide the national grid station with extra electricity. These costs vary with the terrain ( they are higher in cragged or rugged terrain ) every bit good as space and handiness of rights.Legal CostssCost of obtaining be aftering permission from the authorities can besides be important constituent of the overall cost of air current power and depend on the grade to which authorities of the province are inclined towards the thought of utilizing wind power. State blessing every bit good as local zone blessing is required. This includes fees of attorneies, lobbyists every bit good as applied scientists. When seeking legal blessing, of import considerations mi ght include taking into history possible harm to vicinity ( in footings of noise pollution ) or to the aesthetics of the town.Financing CostssCost of funding possibly a really of import constituent. Since the cost of installing of air current power equipment is high, some families may see borrowing a loan and the rate of involvement on that loan may be considered as a possible funding cost. The cost of air current power varies and its deserving depends on the beginnings of finance available to the client. The cost of a system that is roof mounted sums to ?2,000. Larger installings range from $ 30,000 to $ 48,000 and include a revenue enhancement amounting to 5 % of the cost of installing. Tax freedoms of revenue enhancement interruptions possibly deducted from the overall cost.Other CostssThese are costs associated with the force per unit area, way, velocity and variableness in air current. The sum of burden borne by the national grid every bit good as transmittal lines plays an of import function the higher the burden, the higher the costs of air current power. Cost of battery is another consideration here. Battery life may change from between 6 to 10 old ages. Research suggests that extremum end product occurs less than 30 % of the clip which means that there are costs associated with off-peak end product. Costss associated with insurance, and noise costs ( such as uncomfortableness to neighbours ) may besides be high. Besides, the cost of bird deceases caused by the operation of equipment is a societal cost of air current power.Repair and replacing costsThe utile life of air current power equipment varies with the usual life changing between 10 to 20 old ages. Monitoring costs of air current power are normally high and replacing is costlier compared to other signifiers of energy.

How does Jane Austen portray pride in the novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’?

For my English cour sew togetherork I have decided to consider thequestionHow has Jane Austen submit felicitate in the novel Pride and Prejudice?This question asks about mostly characters and their self-respect, dignity and pride in that location are many different meanings of pride here are a few1. Inordinate self-esteem, unreasonable conceit of iodines own superiority.2. Insolence, arrogance.3. Sense of dignity, self-respect and proper self-esteem.4. Generous elation or cheer arising out of some accomplishment,possession or relationship.5. A source of such elation.6. The acme, the highest point, the best condition.I will approach this question by going through, starting time of alone the characters with types of positive and negative pride and then the characters with comic and changing pride.Pride can be ordered as a positive concept. A positive reverberate of pride in Jane Austens novel would, I think be Lizzy. Lizzy is very proud of her family despite how sometimes the y might embarrass her. For mannequin, the way Lydia and Catherine act when there out at dinner.Catherine and Lydia had been fortunate passable tonever be without partners, which was all they hadyet learned to care for at a ball.This would suggest how sexy Lydia and Catherine are. Another quotation to suggest this would beI am astonished that you should be so readyto think your own children are silly.This is written in Caroline Bingleys letter to Mr white avens. A second example of this is the way Mrs Bennet talks to Mr Darcy, because of holding a grudge against him when he first arrived at Longbourn (Darcy would dance with no-one barely the Bingley sisters, either because the werent pretty enough or of a lower class).You know how I detested it, unless I amparticularly introduce with my partnerMy last example would be when Lydia ran off with Wickham. This is the stage in the story where the Bennets have realised what Wickhams in reality like and about his sinister character. Li zzy alike never looks down on anyone and I think she may believe in equality. Being headstrong and sometimes quite arrogant may let Lizzy down a little, but Lizzy speaks her mind and the way she feels when confronted or confronting showing her pride in her family and friends. For example when Collins proposed to Lizzy, she would none of it and turned him down tercet times. When telling her that no one else would take pleasure in engaging with her she stood strong and said she had never been treated in such an abominable, rude and UN-gentlemen-like manor. An example of Lizzy speaking her mind, When she turned Collins proposal down the first time, as it was fashionable to turn the first proposal down, but the second or third gear shouldve been rented. This displayed how much Lizzy detests Collins. I think Lizzy was quite prejudice though. At the beginning of the novel she judges Darcy on his pride because Wickham tells her of how sinister Darcy is to try and win Lizzys love. If l ate Mr Darcy had liked me less, His son mighthave borne me with better but his fathers uncommonattachment to me irritated him early in life.This is one of Wickhams lies that Lizzy sadly deplorable for. Wickham is trying to say that Darcys father paid more attention to him than Darcy. Darcy then got jealous and started disliking Wickham. Lizzys empathetic reply to this wasI had not thought Mr Darcy so grim as this.As Lizzy falls gullibly she expresses her feelings for Wickham. While Wickham smugly smiles at his attempt to poison Lizzy. When Lizzy realises she has judged wrong, she fiercely chastises herself for misjudging Darcy.Infact my feelings are quite the oppositeThis is what Lizzy says on Darcys second proposal.Jane Bennet portrays positive pride in the way she looks e.g. the posture and the structure in the way she sits, stands and walks. She also shows great pride in her mother and some in the rest of her family. Janes pride in the way she looks is strongly criticised when Mr Bingley disengages from her. This would make Jane feel very degraded. Jane is very sad about Mr Bingley leaving her, when she hears news of his return her slope lights up and her pride is given back to her. This is because she knows he is orgasm back to see her.Mr Bennet has a lot of pride in Lizzy as he thinks she is the brightest one of his daughters. He stands by Lizzy in all she does.We all know him to be a proud, unpleasantsort of man, but this would be no issue if you authentically liked him.This is what Mr Bennet has learned that Lizzy has accepted Darcys second proposal. Mr Darcy was determined to not make himself look daft/pathetic again he makes sure that Lizzy is not leading him on before he properly proposesI could not have addressed you in any possible way thatWould induce you to accept me. So tell me if your feelingsAre as they were before.Georgina on the other hand is very proud of her brother and the way she has been brought up. She obviously shows pride in her family and in all she does. I think Georgina looks up to her brother (Darcy) and respects him greatly in all he does.The negative version of pride appears in this novel quite often. A lot of it appears in conversations between the Bingley sisters. The Bingley sisters are some of the most prejudice plenty throughout this book. They think they are a step above the rest and only have friends with money. They think that all women should be elegant females and learn to play at least one instrument, sew and act lady like (basically to be accomplished).Women are inclined to learn to play atleast one instrument fluentlyIt shows us this when Lizzy dashes one-half way across the countryside by foot to visit her sick sister. The greeting she gets is an unimpressed one and they are dicusted in her unladylike exertion.Yes and her petticoat I fancy you saw her petticoat,six inches deep in mud, and the gown which hadbeen let down to hide it, not doing its office.The Bingley sisters are proud in every thing they do and given chance to talk about themselves would claim to be the best (or one of). Their clothes they wear in the video portray their class in society and they are very arrogant, self-worrying people.Lady Catherine de Burgh is also another example of being very prejudiced or if not, the most prejudiced in the book. There isnt a lot of Lady Catherine in the story until the end, but all the way throughout there are refers to her and her strong influences she has on people i.e. Mr Collins.Lady Catherine said I should marryas I am a clergymanLady Catherine has a lot of pride, mostly in herself but some in her daughter. Lady Catherine is also extremely arrogant and does not like things when they dont go her way. E.g. when Lady Catherine heard news of Darcy wanting to propose to Lizzy again, she storms up to Longbourn by horse and carriage to declare that Lizzy refuses his offer as Darcy is engaged to be with Lady Catherines daughter. Lizzy standing up for her rights bi tes back at Lady Catherine and makes no such promise to say no to Darcy. She ends up doing quite the opposite and accepting his offer.In the beginning of the novel Darcy is a very proud, arrogant and upper, cover charge class person (so he seems to think). An early start became a bad start when he went to the first dinner and saw Lizzy. Darcy portray his arrogance by dancing with Mrs Hurst and Miss Bingley. Only Mr Bingley saw Darcy and tried to make him dance with Lizzy, but he saidShe is tolerable but not handsome enough totempt me.Comic Pride is a rare pride in this novel and can be seen in at least two of the characters. The first Character it occurs in is Mr Collins he has so much self-love he could make Lady Catherine vomit Mr Collins shows his smugness in almost everything he does. When asking for Lizzys hand in marriage, thinking that she couldnt turn him down financially or because its not something an 18th century woman would do. This refers to meaning 5 on the first page . Mr Collins also had the audacity to say that Lizzy would be daft to say no, as no one else would want to marry her because of her finances.You should take it to farther consideration that inspiteof your manifold attractions, it is by no means certain thatanother offer of marriage may never be made of you.Collins is peculiar(a) in the way he moves and acts I would describe him as behind the time (old fashioned). He shows huge respect for Lady Catherine by doing everything she tells him to do. E.g. She said he should get a wife and settle down. So he obeyed her and went to ask for Lizzys hand in marriage.The other example of comic pride would be Mrs Bennet. She forever and a day claims shes right and I think shes two faced. One minute she will say that Mr Bingley is an arrogant, self-centred person for dumping Jane, and when news travels hes coming to visit shes really nice to him. E.g. She creeps round him asking how his journey was and how was he. She claims shes always right b y, for example when Lydia ran off she said she would never come back shes been kidnapped. When she heard Lydia was coming back married she said she always knew shed come back. Both these characters are humorous in the novel and the video, but do get quite annoying.ever-changing Pride also happened only once or twice in this novel. The first person it happens to is Lizzy as her pride changed when she realised shed thought wrong of Darcy. At first she saw him as rude and arrogant but by the end she saw that she really loved him. She learned to see through all his arrogance and self-centredness and saw the polite and pleasant Darcy. This changed her views on Darcy and gave her reason to accept his proposal second time round.Darcy the mostly changed character. He has fallen for Lizzy and realises he wants to go on the rest of his life with her. At the start or the book Darcy couldve been described as arrogant, self-centred/confident man I think Lizzys influences changed Darcys pride an d he started looking at people for what they were and not what they looked like. She did this by making him realise whats she was like deep down and not what she looked like on the outside or of her family name.The Pride in this novel is what I think keeps the story going, it makes it a lot more exciting to read. All four of these prides mixed in to one and written in the most interesting ways stops you from wanting to put this book down.

Athenian audience Essay

Athenian audience with the references made to Athenian hypocrisy and the challenges and questions he raised on some of the moral issues of the time and the questions that he asked in his frivols were sometimes ill received such as the role of women etc. Despite this, Euripides did win the tragedy prize with Hippolytus and is revered as a great playwright in present day drama.From some of the female characters that Euripides develops in his plays, unmatched could assume that Euripides was a misogynist. However, it is wrong to say that all of his female characters are vile and evil Euripides has created some wonderful and interesting female characters as well as the wicked ones. Perhaps The Assembly Women actually had wrong motive for their beat holdIn Alcestis, the title character, the wife of Admetus (the King of Pherae) sacrifices herself for her husbands life. A most noble act and Euripides portrays her character, as the model of what a Greek wife should be completely and ut terly devoted to their husband to the extent of dieing for the man that supports them. The Greek audience and modern alike will like Alcestis, as she is a sweet natured and noble woman. She most certainly would digest won the hearts of the Greek audience. As she is such a noble character and the measure of her almsgiving toward her husband is so great, Euripides had to bring her back. So the heroic Heracles wends his way to Hades kingdom and brings her back.In Electra, again the title role, at the beginning of the play, comes across as a very(prenominal) sorrowful young woman. She has cut her hair out of mourning for her murdered father, Agamemnon. He was murdered by her mother, Clytemnestra, as he had to sacrifice their young lady and then brought home a concubine (Cassandra). When Agamemnon did get home, Clytemnestra had fallen in love with Aegisthus. Therefore, so far in the play, Electra comes across as a woman very much devoted to her father and hates her mother for murder ing him. So far so justified. However, when she happens to meet her brother, Orestes, she convinces him to run through their mother. At this point she comes across as a very wicked conniving young lady. It seems as though she had been waiting for Orestes return to make him do this. When Orestes has doubts over killing Clytemnestra, she bullies him into doing it. She knew the result she treasured to get and she got it.Clytemnestra, if you havent read or seen Aeschylus Agamemnon, comes across as a less conniving woman than her daughter. She comes across as a very powerful and domineering woman. She arrives in the play in a chariot and commands the slaves to help her down. She is very aware of her class and position and will not back down from her decision to murder Agamemnon and regards it as the right thing to do. In this sense we must respect her for sticking by her decision and understand that Agamemnon did kill their daughter and come back with a concubine. In a very slight way, she is justified.Therefore, Euripides has created in Electra a very complicated character. We as the audience or readers assume that she had been planning her revenge on her mother for some time and was just waiting for Orestes return to enact it. Before this point however, we can realise with her loss of a father and the pain that she must be going thorough to have the k presentlyledge that it was her mother who murdered him.Clytemnestra, from this play, comes across a woman who sticks by her decision and who in speech ha the capacity to justify and handle herself well. Euripides has created two complicated female characters and in his portrayal of them has shown no signs of his rumoured misogyny.Euripides creates one of the greatest roles for any actress to play in Hecabe. The title role is not the aforementioned feet of extraordinary characterisation. However, Hecabe as a character is very interesting. The audience comes out-of-door not knowing what to think of her. She begins the play as a woman who has endured such a lot of pain as the former Queen of the now sacked citadel of Troy. She has reached the limit of endurance and collapses in sorrow. She has lost her entire family to a war over one woman, the infamous Helen. At the end of the play, however, she literally snaps from a grief stricken widow to a raving savage. She has Polymestor blinded and enjoys the gruesome description of the event and the sounds. According to legend, Hecabe turns into a dog due to her extremum torment that results into madness. This is what Polymestor tells her at the end of the play when his blind by her decision.The character this section opened with by praising is Polyxena. She is Hecabes daughter and Euripides develops her character beautifully. Odysseus informs Hecabe that her daughter must be sacrificed to the deceased Achilles. Without shedding a tear, Polyxena, heroically goes with Odysseus to accept her fate. As she is taken to the tomb of Peleus (Achilles father ), Greek soldiers hold her and Achilles son gets ready with his brand name to kill or to sacrifice her. She asks not to be held and the soldiers are taken away. She then tears her clothes off to the wait and bravely speaks and awaits the sword to be thrust into her chest.Euripides in this play has created two memorable female characters. The brave and heroic Polyxena and the complicated Hecabe. Again, no sign of any misogyny on Euripides develop here, in fact the opposite in Polyxenas case. Creating a heroic woman is no mean feet in Ancient Greece and her character must have been received well as she is incredibly strong of character and of heart.Another great female character in Euripidean literature is Heracles wife Megara in the play Heracles. The play tells of how Hera (Queen of the gods, married to Zeus, whos father to Heracles) turned Heracles mad and in his madness killed his three sons and his wife Megara. This then lead him to go to the Delphic prophet that told him to be a slave to Eurytheus thus leading to his infamous twelve labours. Anyhow, Megara, at the beginning of the play, thinks that she is a widow and is a vulnerable woman who has to be strong for her three young sons. However, Heracles actually is not dead and comes home to them in Thebes. He is then turned mad by Hera and shoots two of his sons with arrows in his madness. Megara takes the last son and locks herself in room but Heracles breaks in and shoots them both with one arrow.

Child Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation Essay

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the StudyThe Optional Protocol on the Sale of squirtren, shaver Prostitution and Child Pornography to the Convention on the Rights of the Child defines churl whoredom as a commercial knowledgeable exploitation of peasantren whereby a peasant sells his or her body for sexual activities in return for remuneration or every other form of benefit provided to the prostitute or to another somebody ( fall in Nations General Assembly, 2000). According to worldwide estimations by the International Labor Organization, out of the 12.3 whizz one million million million people victim to forced labor, 1.39 million ar victims of commercial sexual exploitation, 40-50% of who be babyren (ILO, 2004). Nowadays, we have an increasing rate of child prostitution that is console considered as the worst form of child labor in Asia. UNICEF estimates that 1 million children ar lured into sex trade in Asia every year. These children ar exploited by local w orkforce and foreign tourists having an average of 5 to 10 clients per day, generating $5 billion per year wherein 40% were sold by p atomic number 18nts and 15% by their relatives (Willis, 2002). lacquer and southwest Korea had been two of many Asian countries that currently face the enigma of child prostitution. Together with its increasing trend, countries bid lacquer and Korea have been continu exclusivelyy making its effort in solving this communication channel with a common aim in reducing and in a long run eliminate commercial sexual exploitation of children to protect their rights, welfare and create a split future for upcoming generations. 1.2 Statement of the Problem This paper is a comparative analysis on child prostitution in Japan and southwestward Korea.This give provide entropy on the causes and forms of child prostitution within these countries and the laws and protocols implemented in both(prenominal) countries to fight against child prostitution. More over, this paper gears to answer some pump questions 1. What are the primary causes of child prostitution in Japan and mho Korea? 2. What are the different forms of child prostitution in Japan and South Korea? 3. What are the laws and protocols signed in solution to fight against child prostitution in Japan and South Korea? Was it able to address the problems regarding child prostitution? 1.3Significance of the Study This discipline will give way for the analysis inthe difference on the condition of child prostitution in Japan and South Korea. In summation to that this would be able to differentiate how Japan and South Korea face this common problem of child prostitution that in turn will lay an overview of the rife obstacle almost all of the countries is facing and battling nowadays.This would lead to the identification of some(prenominal) factors that cave ins child prostitution very prevalent these days that is very important to be able to address these issues to secure ch ildrens rights and welfare. This would identify specific actions and efforts of the government in both countries to solve child prostitution issues in their individual places that would someways extend some concern towards the identification of important factors that is needed to be considered in solving this particular dilemma not only in the analyze places plainly also to other countries as well. This subscribe to aims to lay contingent strategies that must be implemented in other countries to solve this current problem regarding child prostitution. 1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study The researcher aspire to have a comparative analysis of child prostitution in Japan and South Korea as a requirement on Political Science 60- Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics under Prof. Marilou F. Siton-Nanaman and the Department of Political Science, Mindanao State University-Institute of Technology. This paper limits its study within the countries mentioned and this stud y is set to answer the ahead mentioned core questions pertaining to both countries involved. The study underwent a month of data gathering victimization books, newspaper and bona fide internet sources such as e-books. Online sources for data were primarily used.1.5conceptual FrameworkCHILD PROSTITUTIONJAPANSOUTH KOREACAUSESCAUSESFORMSFORMSLAWSLAWSIMPLEMENTATIONIMPLEMENTATIONEFFECTSEFFECTSFigure 1 Conceptual Diagram of Child Prostitution in Japan and South KoreaChild prostitution in countries like Japan and South Korea are caused by several major factors that make it more than than prevalent these days. In range to take action with the said dilemma, the identification of the forms of child prostitution is very vital in order to formulate and develop laws that would identify grounds and address cases that violate the rights of the children. Through proper instruction execution of these laws child prostitution are being minify to secure childrens welfare and rights.1.6 Operation al Definition of TermsProstitution- the act or practice of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations peculiarly for money or other benefitsRemuneration- payment or compensation received for services or employment wake upual using- the use of a child for sexual purposes in exchange for cash or in-kind favors mingled with a customer, intermediary or agent and others who profit from the trade in children for these purposesparent, family member, procurer, teacherForced Labor- is any work or services which people are forced to do against their will under the threat of some form punishment.CHAPTER 2REVIEW OF cogitate LITERATUREIn this chapter, related studies and previous works pertaining to child prostitution in countries that discusses relevant major nurture relatedto the comparative study of Japan and South Korea are discussed. The demand for sex drives child sex trafficking globally, while poverty, domestic violence and abuse, discrimination and the desire for a better life make c hildren vulnerable. Children are especially vulnerable to being trafficked because they are often poorly educated, easy to overpower and easy to convince that they must do what an adult tells them to do. Children whitethorn also be in a position where they believe they must help to support their families and may be sold or sent overseas by family members to do so. Street children, children in refugee camps, children whose family and community life has been disrupted and do not have someone to look out for them are all especially vulnerable to human trafficking and prone to sex labor(http//ecpat.net/EI/Publications/Trafficking/Factsheet_South_Korea.pdf) Date Accessed October13, 2011. According to the study conducted by the International Labor Organization through its challenge against Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children Programs in Thailand, Philippines, Colombia , Costa Rica and Nicaragua in 2001 that poverty is one contri howevering factor to the sexual exploitation of children and that is an increasing reality in both Latin America and Asia (ILO_IPEC, 2001). A series of Asian scotch crises in the closing years of the 20th century have had a clear usurpation on the mos of children being exploited both for labor in general and sexual exploitation in particular. Children living or working on the streets, young domestic workers and child workers in sweatshops and transportation sectorall placed in these vulnerable situations as a multi-faceted response to poverty are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse and exploitation. In many countries including Thailand and Philippines, the movement of children from villages and rural areas to cities in the guise of earning money for the family is a major factor in trafficking and sexual exploitation (Thematic Evaluation on Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children, 2001). ILO-IPEC research report of August 1999 indicated that there was an increase of 20 percent in the subdue of minors working in prostitution in Thailand between January 1998 and January 1999. This coincides with the aftermath of the frugal crises in Thailand (International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour,2001).This report has already touched the importance of trying to developqualitative indicators and impact measures for the specific needs of evaluating trafficking and sex exploitation-related programming. Child prostitution and soot is viewed as an increasing grievous problem in Japan. Shihoko Fujiwara, representative of Polaris Project Japan, a nonprofit organization that provides support to children and women who are victims of sexual abuse and trafficking, stated that child dirty word and child prostitution cases detected in Japan exceeds 5,000 annually, and the number is rising year by year. One of the reasons for the increase, she said, is that a increase number of children have contract involved in the business through the widespread use of the Internet (Shimbun, 2010).In 1998, In terpol estimated that nearly 80% of the worlds Internet-based child pornography websites originated in Japan. Although the Japanese government passed legislation in 1999 that effectively cracked down on child pornography providers, Japan continues to be a major producer and patron of child sex tourism. In a recent press conference to announce the release of the State Departments annual Trafficking in Persons Report which analyzes human trafficking worldwide and documents governments responses to it, Secretary of State Colin Powell and Director John Miller both expressed their particular disappointment with Japan a rural which, despite the immense resources available to it, was failing to take appropriate steps to end child sex tourism and other forms of human exploitation.As one of the largest economies in the world, Director Miller censured, Japans lackluster response is impermissible Japan does not comply with the minimum standards. We believe that there has been a tremendous g ap in Japan that has a huge problem with slavery particularly sex slavery a tremendous gap between the size of the problem and the resources and efforts devoted to addressing the problem (Jordan,2004). The Trafficking in Persons Report of 2010 indicates that the men of South Korea create demand for child sex tourism in their environ countries. Technology such as the internet has helped increase accessibility of child sex tourism in the Re domain of Korea. Some South Korean men arrange for children from the Philippines, Thailand, and China as sources of sex (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2010). Prostitution in South Korea is a inflexiblely controlled illegal industry, just according to The Korea Womens festering Institute, the sex trade in Korea was estimated to amount to 14 trillion Korean won ($13 billion) in 2007, roughly 1.6 percent of the nationsgross domestic product. The number of prostitutes dropped by 18 percent to 269,000 during the same period. The sex trade involved some 94 million transactions in 2007, down from 170 million in 2002. The amount of money traded for prostitution was over 14 trillion won, much less than 24 trillion won in 2002 (Prostitution in South Korea, 2010). In 2003, the Korean Institute of Criminology announced that 260,000 women, or 1 of 25 of young Korean women, may be engaged in the sex industry. However, the Korean Feminist Association alleged that from 514,000 to 1.2 million Korean women participate in the prostitution industry. In addition, a similar report by the Institute illustrious that 20% of men in their 20s pay for sex at l eastward four times a month, with 358,000 visiting prostitutes daily (Stiephensoun, 2010).CHAPTER 3RESEARCH methodologyThis chapter summarizes and explains the methods used in the research which includes its design, setting and treatment of data.3.1 look DesignThe research design used for this study is the descriptive-comparative design. The researcher employed a descriptive pillowcase o f research using books and reliable online sources. This paper also employs a comparative analysis between the two countries being studied.3.2Research SettingThis comparative analysis study focuses in two countries namely Japan and South Korea. Both countries are located in Asia. The two countries have certain distinction in economic placement but both are considered as two of the countries in Asia that has a high rate of child prostitution.Japan is an island country in east Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, Peoples Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, str and so oning from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the atomic number 99 China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The country is of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honsh, Hokkaid, Kysh and Shikoku.Japan has the worlds tenth-largest population, with about 127 million people. South Korea is located on the southern half of the Korean peninsula and lies in a temper ate climate region with a predominantly mountainous terrain. It is neighbor to China to the west, Japan to the east and North Korea to the north. Its capital, Seoul, is the second largest metropolitan city in the world. South Korea has a population of over 48 million, making it the third most densely populate country in the world after Bangladesh and Taiwan.3.3 Data Gathering ProceduresThe method used in data gathering was mainly book searching and online surfing. The data being gathered by the researcher are books with ISBN, books in PDF form with an author and websites form the internet, published on 2000-2011. Research was done from the month of July 2011-August 2012.3.4 give-and-take of DataThe researcher purely gathered data from printed books, pdfs, e-books and online source. This research paper is a comparative study, has a qualitative presentation of data and descriptive persona of analysis.CHAPTER 4FINDINGS AND ANALYSISThis chapter will discuss the condition of child pros titution problem in Japan and South Korea, identify and differentiate the strategies they are using to address and solve this problem. Furthermore, this chapter attempts to stress some analysis on child prostitution of the ahead mentioned countries. The discussions will be classified according to certain topics. 4.1Primary Causes of Child prostitution The principal cause of child prostitution is poverty, however extreme poverty isnt a reason in itself, it operates in function of the lying of other factors such as economic, companionable and ethnic despair, discrimination against women and girls, massive urbanization, disintegration of the family and of traditional community systems, ignorance on the part of the majority of parents, commercialization of the status of individuals and more (How to fight the prostitution of minors, 2001). Japan, known to be one of the most developedcountries is a destination place for trafficking women and children for sexual purposes. Children from L atin America, Eastern atomic number 63 and Southeast Asia, in particular Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand are being transported to Japan to work as sex slaves(http//www.humantrafficking.org/countries/japan) July 29,2011. In the other side, South Korea has also become a source, transit and destination country for women trafficked for sexual purposes from China, the Philippines, Russia and Thailand it also experiences internal trafficking of Korean children. South Korean children are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation in the United States, Japan, Hong Kong, Guam, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Western Europe (Lee, 2005). Poverty is being identified as one of the major factors of child prostitution between countries. Japan and South Korea, both being considered as developed countries was more of being receiving regions in terms of child prostitution. Children mainly females mostly from neighboring developing countries such as Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia and e tc. are being brought to Japan to work in different entertainment bars.A very common factor other than poverty that makes child prostitution prevalent nowadays is the presence of internet which is very accessible anywhere and anytime. Thousand of sites catering sexual services from women and children are found to be growing rapidly creating a very harmful dynamic industry that contributes to the turgid problem both countries are facing. 4.2Different Forms of Child prostitution In Japan, matchmaking or geological dating websites have become a well-known channel for commercial sexual exploitation of children in Japan. Many underage Japanese schoolgirls fall prey to enjokosai ( counterbalance dating) by using deaikei websites through which they can make their contact details available, and use pagers, computers and expeditious phones to arrange dates with customers who are older and often married. Research has shown that many such girls do not engage in enjokosai out of poverty, but or else to be able to purchase brand name clothes, bags, shoes, mobile phones, etc., which, according to them, boosts their self-esteem. They often come from dysfunctional families or experience problems at school (Liddy,2006).The form of child prostitution in Japan differs from that found in other East Asian countries since poverty is notonly the overriding factor. Child pornography is a notable problem. Japan is the most biggest producer of pornography in the world and the Parliament had refused a law banning the production of child pornography, citing business reasons (Antaseeda,1998). According to the Asia Pacific Trafficking in Women and Prostitution in Asia in 1996 the sex industry accounts for 1% of the Gross National Product and equals the defense budget in Japan. If matchmaking and big websites are proven to be popular in Japan, in South Korea Saunas and Tea Houses are the main places of child prostitution.Serious intention to solve child prostitution should have banned all the pornographic sites and matchmaking dating sites long time ago. Conducting symposiums to teachers and parents in order to monitor the daily internet content their child or student had been grasping is a must. They could drop those sites with sexually suggestive content. Entertainment bars, saunas and tea houses that cater sex trade should be raided regularly by assigned proper government agencies. The biggest problem is that the business men that run this sex trade around the country are also the people behind the powerful illegal groups within Japan and South Korea. Even regular government police should be active enough to know and act when they notice something illegal going on when they do rounds on places at night. There are many ways to solve child prostitution it just has to entail sincerity in implementation and consistency in acting against the problem.4.3Laws and Protocols to fight Child prostitutionIn Japan, Law Punishing Acts Related to Child Prostitution and Chil d Pornography, and for Protecting Children and its Supplementary Provision, 1999, 90 rewrite in 2004.Articles 4 to 7 punish acts related to child prostitution and child pornography. Trafficking of children for prostitution or pornography is punished under Article 8 with one to ten years imprisonment (Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation in Japan,1999). In 2006, the Internet Association Japan, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication, the National Police dominance and entropy technology (IT) experts collaborated to bill of exchange guidelines on operating a hotline. The Internet Hotline Centre provides the public the opportunity to report illegal or harmful information found on the internet (Internet Association Japan, 2006). Japanese law now prohibits engaging in, facilitating, and/or soliciting the prostitution of a child consistent with international law, a child is defined as a person under 18 years of age.(Law on Punishing Acts related to Child Prostitution an d Child Pornography, and on Protecting Children, 1999). According to the 2003 Deai Kei Site Regulation Law,40 minors are prohibited from accessing deai-kei websites (matchmaking websites that facilitate prostitution of children), however no penalties apply.The adults who send communications for this purpose are fined, up to one million yen (approx. US$8,550). Children are usually referred to a Family Court for counselling and protective measures, according to the provisions of the Juvenile Law. after(prenominal) the Deai Kei Site Regulation Law was enacted, access to the deai-kei websites and obvious calls for compensated dating, especially those do by children, were drastically reduced for a while but more disguised soliciting calls have appeared since (Ikemura,2005). A Cybercrime Task Force division was established in 2004 to improve action against online child pornography and online crime. Working in cooperation with the percentage for Juvenile Protection, the Task Force acts as the contact point for international cooperation, advises the local police on investigations, prepares draft laws/amendments and policies on information technologies security and raises public awareness on the issue (National Police Agency of Japan,2005).In Korea, child protection issues are handled by the National youthfulness Commission, which has set up a number of committees to coordinate action against CSEC( Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children), comprising both government agencies and NGOs. An example is the Committee on Combating the Sexual Exploitation of Children. In South Korea, many NGOs working on childrens rights rely on state funding to operate and their financial dependence on the government has prevented them from engaging in a more critical dialogue regarding the actions that need to be taken. In 2004, The South Korean government passed an anti-prostitution law, prohibition of prostitution in South Korea, made it illegal to buy or sell women. South Korea b rought in a tough anti-prostitution law in 2004, punishing clients with fines and throwing pimps in prison. In 2007, courts prosecuted 35,000 clients, 2.5 times higher(prenominal) than the number of those who were caught buying sex in 2003 (Stiephensoun, 2010).South Korea developed a National Plan of Action onChildren, which is part of the Five-Year Social and Economic suppuration Plan (19982002)12 and the Five-Year Basic Plan forYouth Protection (20022006), which tackles crimes against children, including commercial sexual exploitation(National Youth Commission,2005). In March 2004, the Task Force for the Elimination of Prostitution completed the Sex Trafficking Prevention Plan, which includes measures to protect the rights of victims of forced prostitution and to tackle, through various routes, the facilitation of prostitution (for instance, through the use of the Internet and mobile phones).The Task Force introduced theJohn direct system, where men who have solicited prostitute s (or are suspected of having done so) participate in rehabilitation programmes instead of receiving a criminal sentence (Jeong, Bong-Hyup,2005). The Illegal and Harmful circumscribe Report Centre an independent legal institution that deliberates on reported illegal and harmful Internet content cooperates with the National Police Agency, National Youth Commission, NGOs, Internet service providers and foreign organizations (Internet 119 Website, 2005). The Republic of Korea ratified the Act on Protection of Youth from Sexual Exploitation. This law defines youth exploited obscene materials as forms of pictures, such as film images, video, computer, or other communications media with the appearance of youth, and including sexual acts (The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights,2006)Both countries have succeederfully formulated series of laws and protocols in order to act against rampant child prostitution. Japan and South Korea together with its government and non-governmental offices conducted successful conferences in order to draft laws that would possibly cure the problem on child prostitution. Looking into the deeper perspective, identifying the problem and formulating a plan on how to solve a certain social and economic issue are only the first steps to the real fight against child prostitution. Even a particular country formulated thousands of polices for a social or economic problem, if none of those polices or laws was implemented in an effective way then it would waste the whole effort laid to create those policies.Hence, the success of formulated laws depends not on the number of laws being formulated but on how it is truly and effectively implemented and the effects on those policies in a certaincountry or society. Japan made its serious efforts of trying to eradicate child prostitution by raising public awareness by having symposiums and local and international conferences. Japan shared information and developed practical regional measures through the Bali Process, and hosted The International Symposium on Measures to Prevent the Commercial and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Southeast Asia in 2003 and many more. Japan integrated international cooperation by supporting projects under the United Nations that includes having such interagency collaborations and institutional arrangements with government organizations like the National Police Agency and Ministry of Foreign Affairs in conducting investigations and took administrative measures for them to more effectively trace illegal groups that runs bars and entertainment businesses on child prostitution. Japan also stressed out the protection of child prostitution victims by conducting a specific program which gives them shelter and protection. Government organizations contact hugger-mugger shelter to cater the needs of the victims and the government communicates with the country and return these victims to safe return in their respective areas (P aredes-Maceda,2006).By the end of 2008, the Government of Japan had demonstrate increasing commitment to take effective action against trafficking and child prostitution in Japan as a destination country. A watershed was the espousal in December 2008 of the National Plan of Action against Trafficking and Child prostitution. Other announced measures, including the tightening of visa controls and support for the repatriation of victims, may also lead to more controls against trafficking and child prostitution and to improved protection and rehabilitation of victims in their countries of origin (Jordan,2008). According to the CATW Fact Book, Kyodo News in 1998 trafficking and child prostitution laws exist but not enforced.In South Korea, government and non-government organizations as well went hand in hand in banning as much as potential all the pornographic sites. Even sites with suggestive content were banned. Though as recently as 2001 the government received low marks on the issu e, in recent years the government has made significant strides in its enforcement efforts. Child trafficking was outlawed and penalties for prostitution increased the 2004 Act on the Prevention of the Sex craftiness and Protection of its Victims was passed,toughening penalties for traffickers, ending deportation of victims, and establishing a number of shelters for victims. As of 2005, there were 144 people serving jail time for human trafficking (Scofield, 2004).Japan and Korea broad its efforts in solving child prostitution by collaborating through international organizations like the United Nations, as well as local governmental and nongovernmental agencies, but there had been a great discrepancy in the number of arrested individuals compared to the number of people that truly engages to the sex industry. The number of people that engages to child prostitution in Japan alone from entertainment bars, matchmaking websites to porn sites are counted as more than a hundred thousand employers with illegal child victims yet the number of individuals that are caught every year was only a bittie more than a hundred often times little less than a hundred, that also goes in Korea, there are a lot of people that is involve in child prostitution but the number of imprisoned employers are far little compared to the original number of involve individuals in child prostitution. In addition to that, as mentioned above Japan may have formulated laws and policies but it is rather suggested than imposed.It means whether the citizens follow or not the said law they wouldnt be directly responsible for it, and so, the laws wouldnt serve its ultimate purpose on solving the problem of child prostitution. Based on the gathered data, the two countries differed on the level of how they implement laws. Korea is observed to be more empowered and strict in implementing laws against child prostitution. Meanwhile, Japan also considers a lot of factors in implementing the laws. Japan is known to promote more the idea of growing population in solution to its current trend of decreasing population within years. Hence, as a realization we must take into consideration first wider contributing factors on looking how a country face and manage certain problems. Both countries successfully decreased the rate of child prostitution within years with its respective programs and policies. They have enforced laws and strategies that is designed not only to solve a particular problem but also to consider other related factors. CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS5.1CONCLUSIONSAs shown by the data and information gathered, it shows that the main root of child prostitution in Japan and South Korea is poverty that leads to unavailability of persona discipline for children and the urge to work in order to provide their own families daily income for basic necessities in everyday living. In both countries, Japan and South Korea, children were taken from different countries lik e Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Russia, China and other countries to work on the sex trade industry. Most of them are illegally trafficked from different neighboring countries in order to seek work. The wide use of internet also is a considered as a growing concern in dealing with child prostitution. There are different forms of child prostitution from pornographic sites and matchmaking sites, child pornography, exploitation through saunas, tea houses and entertainment bars. In Japan and South Korea, there are a lot of laws formulated and signed in order to battle against the problem regarding child prostitution. Governments collaborated with international organizations such as the United Nations as well as nongovernmental and governmental local offices to effectively implement the laws created that would solve the problem regarding child prostitution.Japan and South Korea differs on the level on implementation on their policies. In Japan, the formulated laws are more suggested t han imposed while in South Korea they observe stricter rules and limitations entailed with higher penalties and responsibilities. Since South Korea was able to more effectively implement their policies compared to Japan their rate for child prostitution through years is going lower than of Japan. It might not solve immediately the problem regarding child prostitution but both countries had been successful in lowering their rates in child prostitution. Looking into the deeper perspective, efforts to eliminate child prostitution must entail proper implementation and assessment to provide an accurate picture of the situation so that effective policies and programs can be developed and appropriate solutions be enforced. In the other side, eliminating child prostitution may not solve the problem but may also lead to a more big dilemma as children may transfer to other activities that are just as harmful or perhaps more harmful work condition in order to still seek ways for living to be a ble to provide their own families basic necessities. 5.2Recommendations Having known through this study that proper implementation of laws plays a big role for a successof a policy.The researcher would like to open some points for further study regarding with more appropriate laws be formulated in order to protect the interests and welfare of poor children who are always the victim of sex labor and also give way for a better influence and methods in implementing such formulated laws for it to serve its ultimate purpose and since poverty is seen in this study as the primary cause of child prostitution the researcher would like to further suggest of creating or formulating programs in where the children or the youth would be appropriately given the equal chance to be given quality education for them to be informed with their own rights to avoid abuse. They should implement enforcement to continue to improve efforts against child trafficking, especially to strengthen their ability to identify child victims of trafficking in sexual exploitation and ensure investigation and prosecution of traffickers. Provide training to law enforcement, prosecutors and judges on the issue of commercial sexual exploitation. Hence, there would be a need to conduct further researches on child trafficking for sexual purposes to identify the scope of the problem, current trends and provide information on traffickers and at-risk groups or victims this information will strengthen prevention and awareness. In addition, data collected should be disaggregated between children and adults and must include information on the childs age, nationality and possible background information.The Agenda for Action against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children provides a detailed framework and categories of actions to be taken by governments in partnership with gracious society organizations and other relevant actors for combating commercial sexual crimes against children. Broadly, these actions are focused on 1) Coordination and Cooperation 2) Prevention 3) Protection 4) Recovery, Rehabilitation and Reintegration and 5) Child Participation. The Agenda for Action is thus the formal and guiding structure used by governments that have adopted it and committed to work against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (National Womens Education Centre, 2005). Consequently, child prostitution may be reduced if there would be changes in economic development that would raise family incomes and living standards, every state as much as possible must provide widespread, affordable, required and relevant education, formulation and proper implementation of anti- child prostitution laws and most of all the need to change the public attitudetoward children that would elevate the view on the importance of educating the youth and giving also the importance of their individual rights for future generations to come.