Triceratops, Sabor Tooth Tiger, Homosapiens, and the Quagga Essay

Triceratops, Sabor Tooth Tiger, Homosapiens, and the Quagga - Essay Example Although it was believed to have existed for more than 10.000 years ago, its fossils were only found in 1841. Sabertooth tigers were carnivorous animals as explained by Michael Henderson, paleontologist and curator of earth sciences at the Burpee Museum of Natural History in Rockford. These animals were efficient-killing machines and preyed on deer, bison, ground sloths, mastodon and even small mammoths. Their 7 inch-long teeth proved helpful in their hunt for bigger animals. In fact: "Saber-toothed cats came up with an efficient way to dispatch their prey by evolving enlarged canines. Big cats, such as lions and tigers, often kill their prey by suffocating it. They bite down on the neck of their prey and cut off its air supply. ( qtd. from â€Å"Oversized Teeth Helped Saber† 1). The La Brea Tar Pits in California is a testimony of how smilodons were trapped while feeding on mammoths. The extinction of the saber tooth has been a puzzle to many scientists up to now. One hypothesis for its extinction is the end of Ice Age. According to Anton ( 2002 ) â€Å"Pliocene also brought a significant decline among the machairodont cats. From the variety of genera existing during the late Miocene (Machairodus, Paramachairodus, Metailurus), only the large metailurine Dinofelis persisted In their turn, the group of modern felids with conical canines increased their diversity with the appearance of the first members of the Lynx group ( p.213). In short, the saber-tooth cannot adapt anymore to its environment that is why other feline species replaced it. Humans, that’s what homo sapiens are. Bipedal primates that belong to Hominidae, the great ape family. Homo sapiens were known as hunter gatherers before the introduction of domestic farming came about. They were nomads who travelled from one place to another in search for food. Homo sapiens know how to use tools to defend themselves or to stage an attack on a prey which is usually an animal. The vegetation of

Strategies and Plans Adopted by Businesses in the Recession Essay Example for Free

Strategies and Plans Adopted by Businesses in the Recession Essay The long-term strategies and short-term plans adopted by businesses in the recession The recession has different impacts/effects on businesses/organizations as all businesses do not operate in the same market/sector. This causes the need for businesses to come up with strategies and plans for business survival. Strategies and plans adopted by businesses are tactics developed by businesses to aid them reach a particular goal/target. Plans adopted by businesses help them look ahead, focus on key points and prepare for opportunities and problems. Then strategies are developed to assist the aim of the plan to eliminate or reduce flaws to make sure the plan is carried out successfully. Burger King (BK) and McDonald’s (McD’s) although both operating in the restaurant/fast food market, they both dealt with the recession differently. BK planned to increase sales by drawing in more customers and survive through a pricing strategy change and investments. They sold some of their products at a loss in order to cope with the recession as consumers were looking for cheaper value meals. I think the purpose of this plan was to increase the profitability of the business. This forced competitors to sell their products at a loss to try and increase sales and stop BK from benefiting from the current recession as it has a well-known brand name which spelt trouble for smaller competitor businesses. BK’s low price strategy was heavily skewed towards poorer economic groups in the US who have been hit particularly badly by unemployment this made their prices reasonable and affordable by all income groups. Focusing on customers from the poorer economic group might have helped boost sales as they and other customers not hit by unemployment would be able to make purchases without great concern. As BK’s sales during the 2006 trading period was weak, they invested $3m to strengthen its UK operation and a marketing push has since paid off. Part of the investment was put towards the development of products which as a result Angus Burgers and the spiced up Angry Whopper were created. A spokesman said these products have played well which means their strategy worked and the investment wasn’t in vain as they achieved a 13% rise in quarterly profits to $50. 2m (? 31. 7m) as stated by guardian. co. uk. BK’s menu remains unchanged centred on burgers, fries and fizzy drinks trying to gain more sales from repeat customers. Being narrowly focused in the recession is not such a good idea as the whole economy is affected by the recession even though it has a greater impact on some groups. BK’s strategy is a dangerous strategy because they are relying heavily on old repeat customers. If those customers changed their taste, it would have a huge impact on BK’s sales and solutions to their situation could be being used by McDonalds leaving BK with no room to improve their performance. The best way to go about a situation like this is to focus on a strategy that would benefit and target everyone bearing in mind the areas which have been heavily affected to assist in controlling price levels. Using the full potential of the business/extension strategies could help save a business from a recession. This could create a loss in the short run but the business can recoup its costs in the long run if successful. However, McD’s approach to the current recession is different compared to the plans and strategies adopted by BK. BK is narrowly focused compared to McD’s as McD’s provides a variety of menus like the breakfast and the kids meal menu. McDs has diversified into salads, Panini’s and cappuccinos in the hope of satisfying so-called soccer mums which is a strategy to attracts more customers. By diversifying its products, McD’s is able to attract different types of customers like healthy eaters and regular caffeine takers. This expansion of product range strategy widens their target customers range allowing them to increase sales and market share. British Airways (BA) operating in the airline market tackles the recession completely different from McD’s and BK. During the recession, according to BA’s first half (April September) pre-tax profit and loss chart, their profits dropped dramatically from roughly ? 610m to ? 50m according to the chart given in the period 07/08 to 08/09 which is around the time the recession begun. They went on to make a further loss of ? 292 Million in the 09/10 period. This sparked a cause for concern. BAA adopted a short-term plan which was heavily centred on the workforce as the airport’s operator was believed to be overstaffed. They decided to reduce the number of staffs and advice some workers to work for free in order to cut labour cost expenditure (inc. Bonuses and allowances) to reduce the loss their making to stay in the competition. Chief executive Willie Walsh and 800 workers agreed to work for nothing voluntary in the month of July to help the company survive and reduce expenditure. This strategy although would help, it brings disadvantages. From this plan, their employer name brand will be affected as a lot of the staff will be unsatisfied causing the union to get involve and also affecting BAA’s operations which in turn affects their customers as the airline will not be operating effectively and running smoothly causing disturbances and leaving customers displeased. The recession causes businesses to come up with plans and strategies in order to survive and stay in the competition. BK, McD’s and BA all adapted different plans and strategies to survive. BK remained firmly rooted in their burgers, fries and fizzy drinks menu, reduced their pricing levels, invested in the launch of new products and marketing and also, targeted those hugely affected by the recession to gain sales by reducing their prices for some products for the population with a low income; charging both high and low prices in other words their pricing strategy was universal pricing (appealing to everyone upper, middle and lower class). Their rivals adopted a different strategy and plan although they both operate in the same market. McDonald’s diversified their products – introducing new products to target other types of consumers i. e. â€Å"soccer mums† as it already has menu’s which targets other consumers like children and healthy eaters. Also, they ran plenty of bargains and distributed gazillions of coupons which played a good part in their survival. BA was making a huge loss so they reduced the amount of employees as a means of cutting expenditure to help them survive. This strategy caused complications for their operations which left customers dissatisfied during the crisis and also the trade union decided to get involved as some of BA’s staff disagreed to the changes that was to take place.

Sewage Treatment Essays -- essays research papers

Sewage Treatment Where does the wastewater go? When water goes down your sink or toilet, it travels through small pipes to much larger trunk sewers. The sewer systems are built to the slope of the ground around the Elbow and Bow Rivers. This slope allows most of the waste to go down by gravity, rather than expensive pumps, to one of four plants. To handle low areas, which do not have enough slope, pumping stations have been made. How is wastewater treated? Wastewater treatment in Calgary involves the following processes: Preliminary treatment: The water flow is slowed down to get the sand, gravel and other materials to settle out into grit tanks. The waste is then strained by bar screens, which remove large solid objects like sticks. All material collected by grit tanks and bar screens is washed and then taken to a landfill. Primary treatment: The screened water flows into settling tanks, allowing more solids to settle to the bottom of the tanks. Also at this stage, "scum" (oils and greases) are scraped off the top of the water. This is pumped to large tanks, for disposal. Secondary treatment: The half treated water then goes by gravity to covered aeration tanks where it is mixed with "activated sludge" which contains aerobic bacteria. The bacteria eat the organic things remaining in the water. In order to provide a good environment for the bacteria to multiply, air is pumped and spread into the water by blowers. The water, air and ...

Designing a Butterfly Garden for the Blind :: Architecture Design Essays

Designing a Garden for the Blind Nature is so beautiful. It is unfair that due to uncontrollable circumstances, some people are unable to fully enjoy it. That is up until now. With the new wave of handicap focused services such as restaurants for the blind, even the blind can experience life the way it should be experienced, which is why I have designed a garden for the blind, or Jardin de la Nuit(Garden of the Night). I will begin explaining my design by describing the path that has been chosen for this project. It is based on the land behind Hume that has a downward slope and a creek. The path begins behind Hume West near the sidewalk. It starts towards the creek and turns around the tree and stones placed to the left. It then continues toward the creek to the left of the trees and bench. There is then a path already warn down from excessive use that will be followed back up towards the Hume buildings. The path will then pass to the right of the two benches and around the large oak tree back towards the beginning of the path. Since the land is really steep in this area, the rails already existing will be used to walk up towards the buildings. The path will follow the curve of the railings back towards the creek. Here the land is really steep and hard to walk down. In order to use the least amount of effort, the path will then zigzag down the slope where it will finally end down by the creek near Hume East. The plants and herbs that have been chosen are fragrant, textured or edible. Some are a combination of these criteria. In order to prevent sensual overload I have alternated between the three. This will help set a pattern and allow the visitors to know what to expect and how to experience each. For example, at the beginning of the path there will be basil, an edible herb usually used for seasoning. Around the stones and tree, jasmine will be planted, which has a very soothing and strong scent. After leaving the stones towards the creek, there will be lamb’s ear, which is very soft, followed by another edible plant.

M&M Project

They are one of the most popular candles In America, being Included In many different outlets Including MASCARA, hot air balloons, video games, you name It. In this report I plan to go over each individual part of the M&M report that was conducted throughout the course of the class. While doing that I will try to explain it to the best of my ability in the simplest terms possible so even someone who doesn't have a lick of statistical knowledge will be able to understand what took place and be able to grasp the results. Part 1 In the first part of the M report, we had a very simple task.The task was to go UT to a convenience store and buy three bags of M, and count how many different pieces of candy were In each of the three bags. Out of the entire student's in the class I would say every single student's count of each individual color was different. But for the classes sake all of the colors were added up, as was the grand total of all the candies combined in the three bags. The gran d total was: Blue 934, Orange 1025, Green 928, Yellow 639, Red 556, Brown 616 and the total being 3684. It is interesting because watching the video they said that certain colored candies have a higher percentage than others.One of those colors being Red, and Red is the lowest. Part 2 In part 2 we were tasked to find the sample proportions as well as the sample mean. After we finished calculating those two, a histogram was created. After that, another sheet on the spreadsheet was used to calculate a descriptive statistics. Finally a summary of a list of things was needed to be gathered for the final portion. There Is a pretty simple to calculate the info that is generated in the descriptive statutes. There is a handy tool called staunch that If you plug In a few numbers It will spit back the answers that you are searching for without all the fuss.Part 3 In part 3 our goal was to construct confluent intervals for the proportion of each color as well as the mean number of candles per bag. A 95% confidence level gives an indication of how accurate your calculated value is, which Is more accurate than simply the mean or the median. A 95% confidence level means that 95 out of 100 times your value will fall in between your confidence interval; so 95 out of 100 times 1 will De In your consonance Interval. I en enlarger your consonance level (percentage) the smaller your interval will be and therefore the more accurate your results will be. Part 4For Part 4 we were tasked to find the null, alternative hypothesis, the critical value, test statistic, whether or not to reject the hypothesis, and the conclusion of each individual color. As well as a test claim to determine if the bag would have more than 54 pieces of candies. The null hypothesis basically states that there is no statistical difference between the groups you're comparing. The alternative states that there is a difference. You accept the null when your statistical analysis value is below the critical value, which depends on the p value. For this section we had to get calculate for each individual color.After that, we had to test that the bag had more than 54 different pieces of candies. Part 5 Finally, for part 5 we had to do a similar test as part 4 except this time it wasn't for all of the colors. It was only for red and brown combined. So we do the same formulas that were used in part 4, and we were able to achieve the answers we were looking for. We found that for red and brown the critical value at . 05 alpha, was 1. 960 the test statistic -1. 773 and we failed to reject it. Quality Assurance I would say that from watching the video, there seems to be two reasons that loud affect the process of the colors.One of the reasons that I think the colors could potentially be off target is because it is possible that the ink gets low in the tanks that spray the gloss onto the pieces of candy. Another reason that they could be discovered is when they are all mixed together; they may or ma y not be dry. If they aren't dry, then there is a chance that some of the pieces could rub together, and some of the color could rub off on the candy. The package distribution is another thing that would affect the percentages of the candies.Although in the video is talks bout how certain colors have a higher or lower or share a mixed percentage, there is a chance that even knowing that, the machine could make errors, and divvy out some out the pieces incorrectly. Conclusion Overall the project was something that was interesting to work on. It offered some new insight on the M&Ms candy itself. Prior to doing the assignments I had no clue that they were broken down into specific percentages, nor do I know that they had people that studied the colors of the candy! Also when you bring statistics into the mix, it also adds another layer of fun so to speak.

Turners Syndrome essays

Turners Syndrome essays Turner's Syndrome- (Webster's definition) A chromosomal disorder resulting in a syndrome characterized by specific dysmorphic features (short stature) and organ malformations (gonadal dysgenesis) Turner's Syndrome- (Anastasia and Rosebud's def.) "It's something that makes me different from other people. It's something that I'm proud of, and ya know what? I have a pretty normal life." When I was assigned this report, I decided to do a little more than the average person does. When I was doing all of the research, I wondered what it would be like to have TS. Well, through the wondrous powers of the Internet, I was able to take a peek at TS by talking to two young women who have it. What did they have to say? Suprizingly, they were extremely open and happy. These girls were full of life and weren't letting TS get to them. Anastasia is 11(from Cincinnati, Ohio), and Rosebud (screen name) is 24, from Minnesota. Anastasia was diagnosed when she was 4 months old. She commented, "It's really not that bad once you get use to it." As a young child, she always is picked on about her shortness. However, she wanted to make it quite clear that she was only picked on about her shortness, and not her TS. Anastasia is in the 6th grade, (Caucasian) and wants to become famous. She takes GH shots to help her growth and shouted to the chat room, "I have TS...and I'm proud of it!!" Rosebud is 24, Caucasian, and single. She was diagnosed when she was 11. She comments that, "I would have to say that I've had a pretty normal life." Rose bud was never teased as a child or as an adult. Children don't really know about TS, but her playmates never made fun of her. Rose also took GH shots when she was younger to help her with the TS, but she doesn't take them anymore Turner's Syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder of females (1:2500) characterized by short stature and the lack ...

Postmodernism in photography Essay Example

Postmodernism in photography Essay Example Postmodernism in photography Paper Postmodernism in photography Paper Postmodernism in photography and the notion of post-photography seen through a retrospective analysis of color implication in Evergons work. This research is inspired by an inject print Vegator Beach, Goa, India 2001, by Evergon and baised on Photography After Art Photography, an essay by Abigail Solomon-Godeau and a book by W. J. Mitchell Reconfigured Eye: The Visual Truth in The Post-Photographic Era Post Modernism : What does it mean? Rather than a style post modernism presented photographers with strategic options. To use it more self-consciously, exploring depictions of the body, for example, through contemporary social, economic, and political discourse. As a consequence, postmodernist photographers break into taboo subjects, representing for instance sexuality, (of children, of adolescents, gay men, .. ) A second postmodernist strategy is to exploit and embrace earlier styles in art, even styles condemned as artificial, and use them to make photography. (Pultz, John, Photography and the Body, The Orion PublishingGroup,London,1995(chapter6pp. 144-169). Postmodernism is a complicated term, or set of ideas, one that has only emerged as an area of academic study since the mid-80s. The problem with postmodernism is that it is hard to define because it is striving to be new all the time. How does it do this? It denies the any existence of the past but it re-uses it by deconstructing it into forms and pieces, which are unrecognizable. It is not only subject matter which is new it is also form. In order to achieve new forms it uses past by referring to previous styles, genres and forms that creates something original. Once it has been created it is no longer post-modern because it has become real, solid, it is no longer about the future it is about the past. Consequently, postmodernism is hard to define, because it is a concept that appears in a wide variety of disciplines or areas of study, including art, architecture, music, film, photography, literature, sociology, communications, fashion, and technology. Its hard to locate it temporally or historically, because its not clear exactly when postmodernism begins, but according A. Solomon-Godeau, talking about postmodernism in photography, we may take as a point of departure a Mirrors and Windows photo exhibit, organized by john Szarcovski in 1977, where within modern photography the idea of postmodernism came to the fore of the days of the issues of respective uses of photography, raised by Andy Warhool, Robert Ruchenberg and Ed Rusha. Those (postmodern) ideas actually encompassed photography and encouraged the mixing of other media with photography, allowing photographers to experiment with the medium and its possibilities, crossing borders and breaking down taboos in relation of art making. Those process of quotation, excerption, framing, and staging ( ) necessitate uncovering strata of representation stated A. Solomon-Godeau, in Photography After Art Photography essay, and as we can see it in Evergons early collages, Xerox color prints, Interlocking Polaroids, and large-format Polaroids.